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How we made it: Why security hangs on Arctic ice lows

Lowest maximum extent reached in March in the 47-year satellite record

Arctic sea ice continued its run of record lows for the fourth consecutive month in March, culminating in the lowest maximum extent in the 47-year satellite record, according to a report by the EU Earth observation agency Copernicus.

The daily Arctic sea ice extent reached its lowest annual maximum on March 20 2025, covering 14.4mn square km, 6 per cent below the 1991-2020 average for the month.

Military and commercial vessels, particularly from Russia, are stepping up activity in the region, some of which is expected to be ice-free during summer within a decade, said Rebecca Pincus, former director of the Wilson Center’s Polar Institute.

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