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The US Securities and Exchange Commission has approved the first spot bitcoin exchange traded funds in a watershed moment that cryptocurrency enthusiasts are betting will draw new retail and institutional investors into the market.
美国证券交易委员会批准了首批现货比特币交易所交易基金，这是一个分水岭时刻，加密货币爱好者们正在押注这将吸引新的散户和机构投资者进入市场。
The top American securities regulator granted permission on Wednesday to ETF sponsors ranging from established players such as BlackRock, Invesco and Fidelity to digitally focused newcomers including Grayscale and Ark Invest.
美国最高证券监管机构周三批准了ETF发起人的申请，这些发起人既包括贝莱德(BlackRock)、Invesco和富达(Fidelity)等老牌公司，也包括Grayscale和Ark Invest等专注数字技术的新进入者。
The first funds — which hold assets such as mutual funds but trade on exchanges like stocks and enjoy special tax treatment in the US — are expected to start trading as soon as Thursday morning.
首批基金——持有共同基金等资产，但像股票一样在交易所交易，并在美国享受特殊的税收待遇——预计最早将于周四上午开始交易。
The approval comes after months of anticipation and a bitter legal battle. It also caps a wild 24 hours that saw hackers briefly seize control of the SEC’s account on the social media site X and falsely claim that the applications had already been approved, prompting sharp swings in bitcoin’s price.
在经过数月的期待和激烈的法律诉讼之后，首批基金获得批准。这也结束了疯狂的24小时——黑客短暂控制了SEC在社交媒体网站X上的账户，并谎称申请已经获得批准，引发比特币价格剧烈波动。
After the approvals, bitcoin was trading at about $45,000, well below the $69,000 peak it hit in November 2021 but nearly three times the $16,000 trough it hit in December 2022 after the collapse of the now notorious crypto exchange FTX.
在获得批准后，比特币的交易价格在4.5万美元左右，远低于2021年11月达到的6.9万美元的峰值，但几乎是在现已臭名昭著的加密货币交易所FTX破产后的2022年12月跌至的1.6万美元低点的三倍。
While spot bitcoin ETFs have been available in other markets, the US approvals are expected to usher in a new era for the most popular and liquid crypto token. US institutional and retail investors will now be able to gain direct exposure to the coin through a regulated product, without the risks of buying from unregulated exchanges or the higher costs associated with ETFs that invest in bitcoin futures.
虽然现货比特币ETF已在其他市场推出，但美国的批准有望为这种最受欢迎、流动性最强的加密代币开创一个新时代。美国的机构和散户投资者现在将能够通过受监管的产品直接投资比特币，而不必承担从不受监管的交易所购买的风险，也不必承担投资比特币期货的ETF所带来的更高成本。
“It’s a huge milestone, it’s recognition of bitcoin being a large-scale traditional investment,” said Jad Comair, chief executive of Melanion Capital, the first company to launch a bitcoin thematic ETF in the EU. “We’re opening the doors to Wall Street.”
“这是一个巨大的里程碑，是对比特币作为一种大规模传统投资的认可，”首家在欧盟推出比特币主题ETF的公司Melanion Capital的首席执行官贾德•科马尔(Jad Comair)表示，“我们正在打开通往华尔街的大门。”
The decision also marks a U-turn by the SEC. The regulator resisted spot bitcoin ETFs for nearly a decade on the grounds that cryptocurrencies were susceptible to manipulation and fraud. But last year, Grayscale successfully challenged the watchdog’s rejection of an earlier spot bitcoin application. A federal appeals court ruled in August that the decision was “arbitrary and capricious”, putting pressure on the SEC to change its stance.
这一决定也标志着美国证券交易委员会的180度大转弯。近十年来，该监管机构一直以加密货币容易受到操纵和欺诈为由抵制现货比特币ETF。但去年，Grayscale成功地挑战了监管机构对一项早期现货比特币申请的拒绝。去年8月，一家联邦上诉法院裁定该决定“武断且草率”，给SEC造成了压力，迫使其改变立场。