The proportion of human beings living on the margin of subsistence is estimated to have fallen from close to 80 per cent in 1820 to just under 10 per cent in 2018. What makes this decline even more remarkable is that the global population rose from 1bn in 1820 to 7.7bn in 2018. Rising prosperity has also helped double global life expectancy to 71 years. In brief, we have moved from a world in which life was, for the great majority, indeed “nasty, brutish, and short” to something altogether better. (See charts.)
据估计，生活在生存边缘的人口比例已从1820年的近80%降至2018年的不到10%。更为显著的是，manbetx app苹果 人口从1820年的10亿增长到2018年的77亿。日益增长的繁荣也使manbetx app苹果 平均预期寿命翻了一番，达到71岁。简而言之，我们已经从一个对大多数人来说确实是“肮脏、野蛮、短暂”的世界，转向了一个更为美好的世界。(见图表)。
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