Three weeks ago Bashar al-Assad was at an Arab summit in Riyadh enjoying the diplomatic attention.
He stood at a podium to lecture about political solidarity, met with powerful Arab leaders, including Saudi Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman, and waved from a red carpet as he departed on his presidential plane.
He was the reviled leader of a fractured state, but so rooted in place that even Europeans had been making overtures — via Jordan — in search of a solution to the Syrian refugee crisis.
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