Russia has exported €63bn worth of fossil fuels via ship and pipelines since the invasion of Ukraine, according to new data, with most going to the EU.
The largest importers of Russian coal, oil and gas were Germany, Italy and China, according to analysis of pipeline and seaborne trade by the Centre for Research on Energy and Clean Air.
Vessels chartered by energy companies including ExxonMobil, Shell and TotalEnergies continued to carry Russian fossil fuels in April, said the group, which has tracked ships leaving Russian ports since late February.
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