What would have happened during the financial crisis if the euro had not existed? The short answer is that there would have been currency crises among its members. The currencies of Greece, Ireland, Italy, Portugal and Spain would surely have fallen sharply against the old D-Mark. That is the outcome the creators of the eurozone wished to avoid. They have been successful. But, if the exchange rate cannot adjust, something else must instead. That “something else” is the economies of peripheral eurozone member countries. They are locked into competitive disinflation against Germany, the world's foremost exporter of very high-quality manufactures. I wish them luck.
假如欧元不存在，那么本次金融危机期间会发生什么？简言之，有些欧元区成员国会爆发货币危机。希腊、爱尔兰、意大利、葡萄牙和西班牙的货币，肯定会兑原先的德国马克大幅贬值。这种结果正是欧元区缔造者们希望避免的。他们获得了成功。不过，如果汇率不能调整，那么一定有别的东西做出调整。这个“别的东西”就是欧元区外围成员国的manbetx20客户端下载 。相对于manbetx app苹果 高品质制品的头号出口国德国，这些国家受困于竞争性通胀减缓(competitive disinflation)之中。祝它们走运！