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How economies forget
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From Nasa’s shuttle programme to Polaroid film, societies can lose capabilities as well as gain them. Why they are so hard to get back?
伊达尔戈:从美国航天飞机项目到宝丽来胶片,许多事例说明,社会在掌握一种能力后,可能会一朝遗失,而重新掌握并不是那么简单。

In July 2011, the Space Shuttle Atlantis landed in Florida for the final time. Back then, the decision to end the shuttle programme was framed as a short-term transition, with a new generation of spacecraft soon taking its place. But for nearly a decade, the US had to rely on Russian Soyuz capsules to send its astronauts to the International Space Station.

2011年7月,“亚特兰蒂斯号”(Atlantis)航天飞机在佛罗里达最后一次着陆。当时,终止该航天飞机项目的决定被说成是短期过渡性的,新一代航天飞机将很快取而代之。但之后近10年里,美国不得不依靠俄罗斯联盟号(Soyuz)飞船把本国宇航员送上国际空间站(International Space Station)。

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