Before the crisis, financial regulation focused on averting the failure of individual banks – and was not much good at that. Now there is much more focus on preventing systemic crises. In the jargon, we have moved from focusing on “microprudential regulation” to a much greater emphasis on “macroprudential regulation”. In the UK, this shift has resulted in the creation of the Financial Policy Committee, which has just published its thinking on the powers it wants and the tools it intends to use.
危机爆发之前，金融监管的重点是避免单个银行的破产，但在这一点上做得不尽如人意。如今，金融监管的重点更多地放在防范系统性危机上。用术语来说，我们已从注重“微观审慎监管”转向更加注重“宏观审慎监管”。在英国，这一转变催生了金融政策委员会(Financial Policy Committee)，它刚刚公布了关于希望拥有何种权力和打算使用何种工具的想法。
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