The history of humanity’s rise from savannah ape to masters of the planet is one of Faustian bargains. The agricultural revolution brought huge increases in population, but lowered living standards for many. What is true of productive systems is also true of ideologies. Of none is this more true than nationalism — an engine of both development and destruction. We need to recognise and manage both aspects of its personality — the beneficent and the diabolical.
人类从非洲大草原上的类人猿进化为地球主人的历史，是一场浮士德式的交易。农业革命带来了人口的大幅增长，但也拉低了许多人的生活水平。生产系统的规律也适用于意识形态，尤其是民族主义这种既驱动发展、也带来毁灭的意识形态。我们需要辨别并管理好民族主义的两面——有益的一面与邪恶的一面。
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