It seems to be the fate of any successful management idea that it should be both used and abused. It happened to Clay Christensen’s hypothesis on “disruptive innovation”. It happened to Toyota’s “lean” production system. It has also happened, according to Jim Collins, to his metaphor for an endless cycle of improvement, the flywheel.
似乎所有成功的管理概念在被使用的同时也被滥用。克雷•克里斯坦森(Clay Christensen)的“颠覆性创新”(disruptive innovation)假设难逃这般命运，丰田汽车(Toyota)的“精益”(lean)生产系统也是。吉姆•柯林斯(Jim Collins)称，他用来比喻无尽改善循环的“飞轮”(flywheel)概念也被滥用了。
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